Crop progress reports for the week ending May 11, 2025

Colorado—Drought conditions across many ares of the state were improved with added moisture. Reports from Grand and Jackson Counties stated a mild spring helped calving and lambing, but drought concerns intensified with a lack of snowpack. Winter wheat impacted by drought in far northeastern counties did not benefit from rainstorms last week, and reporters noted crop conditions continued to deteriorate in the area. Reports from Mesa County stated rain events and muddy fields have slowed planting. In the San Luis Valley, barley and potato planting progressed, while pastures continued to improve amongst soil warm up and moisture received. Statewide, barley planting was wrapping up, with 90% of the crop planted and 55% emerged. Corn planting progressed quickly, with 53% of the crop planted, compared to the 5-year average of 38%. Statewide, winter wheat jointed was 65% complete last week. Condition of the winter wheat crop improved from last week, and was rated 56% good to excellent, compared with 52% good to excellent last year. Stored feed supplies were rated 2% very short, 17% short, 71% adequate, and 10% surplus. Cattle death loss was 1% heavy, 40% average, and 59% light. Sheep death loss was 1% heavy, 32% average, and 67% light.

Iowa—A warm and dry week made for excellent planting conditions, allowing 6.4 days suitable for fieldwork. Producers made quick progress planting corn and soybeans. Conditions were also favorable for spraying. Topsoil moisture condition rated 5% very short, 22% short, 70% adequate and 3% surplus. Subsoil moisture condition rated 5% very short, 24% short, 67% adequate and 4% surplus. Corn planted reached 76% 8 days ahead of last year and 3 days ahead of the 5-year average. Corn emerged reached 30%, 4 days ahead of last year’s pace and 2 days ahead of normal. Sixty-four% of the expected soybean crop has been planted, 10 days ahead of last year and 5 days ahead of the 5-year average. Soybeans emerged reached 16%. Nearly all of the oat crop has been planted, with 74% emerged, 3 days behind last year but 2 days ahead of normal. Reports of oats starting to head were received. Oat condition rated 85% good to excellent, up 6%age points from last week. Six% of the state’s first cutting of alfalfa hay has been completed. The first hay rating of the year showed 84% in good to excellent condition. Pasture condition rated 64% good to excellent, up 4%age points from last week. Livestock were reported to be in good condition with some cows and calves turned out on grass.

Kansas—There were 5.0 days suitable for fieldwork, during the week. Topsoil moisture supplies rated 9% very short, 24% short, 61% adequate, and 6% surplus. Subsoil moisture supplies rated 12% very short, 29% short, 57% adequate, and 2% surplus. Winter wheat condition rated 7% very poor, 15% poor, 30% fair, 42% good, and 6% excellent. Winter wheat jointed was 92%, near 96% last year and 90% for the five-year average. Headed was 71%, near 70% last year, and well ahead of 47% average. Corn planted was 61%, near 60% last year and 57% average. Emerged was 42%, near 39% last year, and ahead of 30% average. Soybeans planted was 35%, near 31% last year, and ahead of 29% average. Emerged was 10%, near 12% last year and 9% average. Sorghum planted was 5%, near 7% last year, and equal to average. Cotton planted was 5%, behind 16% last year and 20% average. Pasture and range conditions rated 4% very poor, 14% poor, 33% fair, 40% good, and 9% excellent.

Missouri—There were 4.9 days suitable for fieldwork in the week ending May 11, 2025. Topsoil moisture supply was rated 1% very short, 8% short, 77% adequate, and 14% surplus. Subsoil moisture supply was rated 1% very short, 7% short, 82% adequate, and 10% surplus. Corn planted reached 68%, compared to the 5-year average of 71%. Corn emerged reached 43%, compared to the 5-year average of 45%. Soybeans planted reached 40%, compared to the 5-year average of 29%. Soybeans emerged reached 17%, compared to the 5-year average of 14%. Cotton planted reached 54%, compared to the 5-year average of 37%. Cotton emerged reached 13%. Rice planted reached 77%, compared to the 5-year average of 69%. Rice emerged reached 51%, compared to the 5-year average of 49%. Rice condition was rated 6% poor, 9% fair, 82% good, and 3% excellent. Winter wheat headed reached 76%, compared to the 5-year average of 63%. Winter wheat condition was rated 4% poor, 18% fair, 66% good, and 12% excellent. 

Montana—During the week ending May 11, producer reports from Hill, Roosevelt, and Toole counties indicated very dry and windy conditions. Those in Valley County reported livestock producers were purchasing hay due to very dry conditions. Survey reports from Wibaux County indicated very warm temperatures in the upper 80s with no rain. Calving and lambing were both in full swing and were at 66 and 61% complete, respectively. This was behind last year’s progress of 90 and 88%, respectively. Supplemental feeding remained heavy for both cattle and sheep. Most pastures and ranges remained rated in poor or fair condition, with grazing accessibility 95% open, compared with 81% open a year ago. The 2025 winter wheat crop was reported as 83% good to excellent, an increase of 37%age points when compared with last year. Producers remained busy planting spring crops, with progress ahead of normal for most.

Nebraska—For the week ending May 11, there were 6.6 days suitable for fieldwork. Topsoil moisture supplies rated 34% very short, 42% short, 24% adequate, and 0% surplus. Subsoil moisture supplies rated 35% very short, 43% short, 22% adequate, and 0% surplus. Corn planted was 73%, well ahead of 52% last year, and ahead of 65% for the five-year average. Emerged was 36%, well ahead of 16% last year, and ahead of 20% average. Soybeans planted was 62%, well ahead of 34% last year, and ahead of 46% average. Emerged was 19%, ahead of 8% both last year and average. Winter wheat condition rated 27% very poor, 19% poor, 24% fair, 26% good, and 4% excellent. Winter wheat headed was 2%, near 4% last year and 3% average. Sorghum planted was 17%, ahead of 5% last year and 8% average. Oats condition rated 14% very poor, 16% poor, 46% fair, 22% good, and 2% excellent. Oats planted was 93%, equal to both last year and average. Emerged was 77%, near 81% last year and 76% average. Pasture and range conditions rated 23% very poor, 29% poor, 33% fair, 15% good, and 0% excellent.

New Mexico—This week brought moderate temperatures and scattered precipitation to the state. Hay and roughage supplies were reported as 14% very short, 29% short, and 57% adequate, compared with 40% very short, 53% short, and 7% adequate last year. Stock water supplies were reported as 26% very short, 26% short, 46% adequate, and 2% surplus, compared with 64% very short, 23% short, and 13% adequate, last year. No crop freeze damage was reported. Hail damage in all crops was reported as 2% moderate and 7% light. Wind damage in all crops was reported as 4% moderate and 24% light.

Oklahoma—There were 4.3 days suitable for fieldwork. Winter wheat headed reached 78%, up 18 points from the previous week but down 3 points from normal. Canola blooming reached 80%, up 15 points from the previous week. Canola coloring reached 22%, up 10 points from the previous week but down 2 points from normal. Rye headed reached 61%, up 22 points from the previous week but down 13 points from normal. Oats jointing reached 64%, up 7 points from the previous week but down 3 points from normal. Oats headed reached 21%, up 10 points from the previous week but down 9 points from normal. Corn planted reached 58%, up 13 points from the previous week and up 3 points from normal. Corn emerged reached 32%, up 13 points from the previous week but unchanged from normal. Sorghum planted reached 24%, up 5 points from the previous week and up 10 points from normal. Soybeans planted reached 29%, up 14 points from the previous week and up 9 points from normal. Soybeans emerged reached 9%, up 9 points from the previous week. Peanuts planted reached 12%, up 12 points from the previous week and up 1 point from normal. Cotton planted reached 9%, up 5 points from the previous week but down 3 points from normal. The first cutting of alfalfa hay reached 5%. Pasture and range condition was rated at 81% good to fair. Livestock condition was rated at 86% good to fair.

South Dakota—For the week ending May 11, there were 6.7 days suitable for fieldwork. Topsoil moisture supplies rated 24% very short, 42% short, 33% adequate, and 1% surplus. Subsoil moisture supplies rated 30% very short, 44% short, 25% adequate, and 1% surplus. Corn planted was 69%, well ahead of 30% last year and 43% for the five-year average. Emerged was 21%, ahead of 3% last year and 5% average. Soybeans planted was 51%, well ahead of 16% last year and 23% average. Emerged was 7%, ahead of 1% both last year and average. Winter wheat condition rated 11% very poor, 30% poor, 40% fair, 19% good, and 0% excellent. Spring wheat condition rated 2% very poor, 6% poor, 59% fair, 28% good, and 5% excellent. Spring wheat planted was 98%, ahead of 87% last year and 80% average. Emerged was 74%, well ahead of 53% last year and 43% average. Oats condition rated 6% very poor, 9% poor, 52% fair, 28% good, and 5% excellent. Oats planted was 94%, ahead of 83% last year and 80% average. Emerged was 65%, ahead of 50% last year and 46% average. Sorghum planted was 24%, near 21% last year, and ahead of 11% average. Sunflowers planted was 1%. Pasture and range conditions rated 14% very poor, 31% poor, 40% fair, 14% good, and 1% excellent.

Texas—Most of the state continued to receive varied amounts of rainfall during the week ending May 11. There was an average of 4.0 days suitable for fieldwork. In most areas, winter wheat continued to head out. Winter wheat headed reached 89%, up 3 points from the previous year and up 6 points from normal. Oats headed reached 92%, down 2 points from the previous year, and down 3 points from normal. Corn planted reached 84%, up 5 points from the previous year and up 3 points from normal. Corn emerged reached 79%, up 10 points from the previous year and up 11 points from normal. Corn silked reached 15%, down one point from the previous year but up 5 points from normal. Sorghum planted reached 74%, no change from the previous year but up one point from normal. Sorghum headed reached 14%, up 14 points from the previous year and up one point from normal. Cotton planted reached 27%, no change from the previous year, but down 2 points from normal. Rice planted reached 95%, up one point from the previous year and up 3 points from normal. Rice emerged reached 90%, up 7 points from the previous year, and up 8 points from normal. Soybeans planted reached 40%, up 6 points from the previous year but down 9 points from normal. Soybeans emerged reached 25%, up 9 points from the previous year and up 5 points from normal. In South Texas, onions and cabbage continued to be harvested. In South Central Texas, pecan producers were applying insecticide for casebearer eggs. Pastures and ranges improved due to recent rains received in most parts of the state. Pasture and range conditions were rated at 62%, fair to good.

Wyoming—Most of Wyoming received precipitation again last week and reports showed 6.0 days suitable for fieldwork. Last week’s precipitation was welcomed by producers, however, concerns remained about the availability of irrigation water and more was needed to replenish soil moisture. Pasture growth was slow, and operators were already seeing grasshoppers and reporting the presence of other pests. Hay and roughage supplies for Wyoming were reported as 12% very short, 23% short, 46% adequate, and 19% surplus. Stock water supplies were reported as 1% very short, 19% short, 76% adequate, and 4% surplus, compared with 1% short and 99% adequate last year. Irrigation water supply was reported as 12% very poor, 14% poor, 16% fair, and 58% good, compared with 100% good last year. Cattle death loss was reported as 16% average and 84% light, compared with 1% heavy, 55% average, and 44% light last year. Sheep death loss was reported as 15% average and 85% light, compared with 13% heavy, 49% average, and 38% light last year.